The earliest recollection of this bug is traced back to PAN-OS 8.1.12 - January 09, 2024. This bug is fixed in PAN-OS versions 8.1.12. Fixed an issue where local user group names that contained upper case characters were not converted to lower case characters prior to encoding, which caused the firewall not to load user groups names with upper case characters. For more information: https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/pan-os/8-1/pan-os-release-notes/pan-os-8-1-addressed-issues/pan-os-8-1-12-addressed-issues