Symptom
C9800-L-F does not support auto negotiation for the use of SFP GLC-SX-MMD.
This is an expected behavior due to HW limitation even though you can configure "negotiation auto" on the C9800 interface.
Catlyst9500switch# show interfaces TenGigabitEthernet 1/0/3
TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3 is down, line protocol is down (notconnect) <<-- Link should be shown as down, "not connect" on the connected Catalyst switch.
Catlyst9500switch# show run
interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3
switchport trunk native vlan 10
switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,12
(no speed nonegotiate) <<-- speed negotiation : Enabled (Please be aware, Catalyst switch configuration is tricky.)
switchport mode trunk
C9800LF# show interfaces TenGigabitEthernet 0/1/0
TenGigabitEthernet0/1/0 is up, line protocol is up <<-- C9800 may show the link is up/up.However it's not.
C9800LF# show run
interface TenGigabitEthernet0/1/0
switchport trunk native vlan 10
switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,12
switchport mode trunk
negotiation auto <<-- speed negotiation : You can configure this line however it does not have any effect. Auto negotiation is not supported.
Conditions
C9800-L-F, SFP Module : GLC-SX-MMD
Workaround
disable speed negotiation on connected switch.
Catlyst9500switch# show run
interface TenGigabitEthernet1/0/3
switchport trunk native vlan 10
switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,12
speed nonegotiate <<-- speed negotiation : Disabled
switchport mode trunk